Over the course of Tears of the Kingdom, you'll have to help many different characters with their problems - a lot of the time, this will also help you in your quest to find Princess Zelda. One such quest involves aiding Tulin of Rito Village to tackle the gigantic sky ship, the Wind Temple.
After dealing with the flying dungeon's devious puzzles and unlocking the hatch in the middle of the temple, you discover the villain behind the arctic winds blighting the region - a monster called Colgera, who you'll have to defeat with Tulin's help.
Colgera Fight Overview
Colgera is a flying monster, so naturally, you will have to fight it in the sky. Don't worry about your stamina in this fight - opening up your Paraglider to get some air will also restore your stamina.
Colgera doesn't have much in the way of attacks - if it flies into you, it'll hurt you a bit, but you can recover midair. Its main method of attack is to fly into a large orb, disappearing for a while. After a short wait, another ball will appear in the air, usually underneath you, and Colgera will fly out of it at speed. This will hurt more than usual and can be tricky to dodge.
To deal with a quickly-ascending Colgera, hit the R button to dive for a second and then freefall - in this state, you can move horizontally out of the way quicker than if you were gliding.
To help with this, it would be a good idea to equip the Glide Vest that you can obtain by completing the Test of Courage on the sky island above Hyrule Ridge.
Halfway through the fight, Colgera will add tornadoes to the battlefield. This is where Tulin's Gust ability comes in handy - use this to get away from the tornadoes if you stray near them.
How To Beat Colgera
Beating Colgera is quite easy, but it requires some good positioning and timing.
Colgera has three large, circular, purple crystals along its body. They can only be seen from underneath, and they are its weak points. To beat the boss, you'll need to destroy these crystals by shooting arrows at them.
Each crystal will take three arrows to destroy unless you Fuse your arrows with items to make them stronger. Fire Fruit and Bomb Fruit appear to work well, as they don't slow the arrow down much, which could cause it to miss Colgera entirely. With Fire Fruit, each crystal only takes two arrows to destroy.
After you destroy all three of Colgera's crystals, a short cutscene will play. This begins the second phase of the fight, where tornadoes are introduced. This phase plays out in the same way as the previous one - just destroy the three purple crystals all over again and you'll have won the battle.
A good strategy is to fall quite far beneath Colgera and then open and close your Paraglider precisely to reach a height that lets you target the crystals easily. Since time slows down considerably while aiming in midair, once you find the right positioning, shooting should be the easy part.
Once you beat Colgera, you'll be rewarded with a Heart Container - you'll have to pick this up; it is not added to your health gauge automatically.